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Perceptions of Drinking and Related Findings From the Nationwide Campuses Study

Almost 2 decades ago, Perkins and Berkowitz (Perkins HW, Berkowitz AD 1986) reported that college students, indeed, have misperceptions of campus drinking norms. Both social contexts and perceived norms have been found to be related to drinking intensity among college students.(Thombs DL, Wolcott BJ, Farkash LGE 1997 ) Substantially inflated perceptions of the frequency of "average students'" alcohol use have been reported by students at campuses attended by abstainers or infrequent drinkers and at colleges attended by more frequent drinkers.(Perkins HW, Meilman PW, Leichliter JS, Cashin JR, Presley CA 1999 ) "Pluralistic ignorance" is a psychological state that may explain such drinking behavior: individual students are driven to increase their drinking by social pressure, but they assume that other students' drinking behaviors are an accurate reflection of the true desire for alcohol, unaffected by any social influences.(Prentice DA, Miller DT 1993 ) Core survey data indicate that about one third of college students would rather not have alcohol available and used at social events in and around campus, but only about one eighth of those students actually abstained from drinking during the previous year.(Presley CA. Meilman PW, Lyerla R 1989 ,Bucknam RB 1993 )