Bunge’s criteria for pseudoscience:

1. Theory of knowledge subjectivistic, with aspects accessible only to the initiated

2. Formal background modest, little mathematics or logic

3. Untestable hypotheses in conflict with a larger body of knowledge

4. Methods neither checkable by alternative methods nor justifiable in terms of well-confirmed
    theories

5. No overlap with another field of research

6. No specific background of well-confirmed theory

7. And unchanging body of belief

8. A worldview admitting elusive immaterial entities
 
 

Examining parapsychology in the light of these criteria, Bunge believes parapsychology is a pseudoscience:

1. Experimenter effect and sheep-goats effect imply only believers will detect or experience psi

2. True of parapsychology (but also true of much of social science)

3. True of parapsychology

4. True of parapsychology: there is no independent measure of psi, and no well-confirmed theory

5. True of parapsychology. Apparent overlap is illusory and only represents parapsychologists
    trying to extend their findings to other domains

6. True of parapsychology

7. True of parapsychology

8. True of parapsychology