Kornblith 's "Beyond..."

Overall View

Most of the Arguments for Foundationalism and Coherentism are all based upon a false dichotomy.

The Regress Argument

The Causal Straw Man

"Causal theorists of knowledge believe that knowledge is reliably produced true belief."

Criticism: This puts justification out of the picture.

Answer: This is a non-standard account of justification.

How Ought One To Proceed?

Two Paths; Direct and Through Knowledge

Knowledge

K= JTB is a truism, so define knowledge and you've offered an account of justification.

Direct

This is SOP and has resulted in the arguments-on-paper thesis

The Arguments-On-Paper Thesis

The Standard Account is Apsychological

Justification is just that proposition's appearing "...on the list of propositions that person believes, and either it requires no argument, or a good argument can be given for it which takes as premises certain other propositions on the list." (p.133)

Foundationalism : axioms and proofs

Coherentism : no axioms and proofs

The debate is really about what counts as a good argument.

AOP is False

Example: Alfred believes P and P Q and Q. However, he believes Q on other grounds.

The Psychological Turn

We accept that the problem is that A's belief that Q does not depend in the right way on his beliefs that P and P Q. This idea commits us to processes (causal processes).

Possible Responses

The argument of paper thesis is a necessary but not sufficient condition for justification.

Warrant clauses sort out Alfred's case.

Would an internalist say this?

Hierarchical Structure

The Causal Dependence Result

The Modified Regress Argument

Other Beliefs

Moe and Joe

Joe has a belief that he is myopic.

Epistemic Priority

Some Class of Beliefs Tend to be Epistemically Prior

The Reliabilist 's Theory

A is justified in believing that p iff p is produced by a process that is reliable both in the smaller class of relevant counterfactual situations introduced by the world, and the believer has no true beliefs that introduce other alternative that would undermine the reliability of the process.

A knows that p iff p is true, A believes p, and p is produced by a process that is reliable both in the larger class of relevant counterfactual situations introduced by the world, and the believer has no true beliefs that introduce other alternative that would undermine the reliability of the process.

Kornblith 's "Beyond..."

Overall View

False Dichotomy

The Causal Straw Man

"Causal theorists of knowledge believe that knowledge is reliably produced true belief."

Criticism

Answer

How Ought One To Proceed?

Two Paths; Direct and Through Knowledge

Knowledge

Direct

The Arguments-On-Paper Thesis

The Standard Account is Apsychological

Justification is just that proposition's appearing "...on the list of propositions that person believes, and either it requires no argument, or a good argument can be given for it which takes as premises certain other propositions on the list." (p.133)

Foundationalism

Coherentism

AOP is False

Example: Alfred

The Psychological Turn

We accept that the problem is that A's belief that Q does not depend in the right way on his beliefs that P and P Q. This idea commits us to processes (causal processes).